This file describes the underlying datasets that were used in the paper titled "Game elements enabling citizens’ engagement: an integrative literature review into elements, motivations, drivers and barriers" for the 26th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (DGO 2025). The datasets contains the details of included studies and the appendices for the paper.

supplemental material.xlsx
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This excel sheet contains two sheets, the first one is about the analysis of the included studies, and the second one is about the screening process. The detailed information is outlined in the "Detail of supplemental material" section below

Appendix A - The Drivers of Gamification in the Literature.pdf
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This pdf contains the drivers of gamification in the literature. The table is from supplemental material.xlsx

Appendix B - The Barriers of Gamification in the Literature.pdf
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This pdf contains the barriers to gamification in the literature. The table is from supplemental material.xlsx

Appendix C - The Static Game Elements in the Literature.pdf
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This pdf contains the static game elements in the literature. The table is from supplemental material.xlsx

Appendix D - The Dynamic Game Elements in the Literature.pdf
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This pdf contains the dynamic game elements in the literature. The table is from supplemental material.xlsx


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Detail of supplemental material
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1. Sheet "Included Paper"

The descriptive information of the paper:
---------				-------------
Field					Description
---------				-------------
Citation				The citation of the paper
Title					The title of the paper
Year of publication		The year of paper's publication
DOI						The DOI of the paper
Link					The link of the paper, provided by Scopus and Web of Science
Document type			The type of the paper: conference paper, article, book chapter
Funding					The funding of the paper

The context related information of the paper:
---------				-------------
Field					Description
---------				-------------
Game type discussed		The type of game discussed in the paper: serious game, gamification, commercial game

The drivers of gamification, x means the paper discusses the field:
---------				-------------
Field					Description
---------				-------------
Enhancing Motivation	Whether the paper discusses Enhancing Motivation	
Autonomy / Control		Whether the paper discusses Autonomy / Control		
Personalized Experience	Whether the paper discusses Personalized Experience	
Clear Goals or Progress	Whether the paper discusses Clear Goals or Progress	
Sense of Community		Whether the paper discusses Sense of Community		
Challenges			    Whether the paper discusses Challenges			    
Competition			    Whether the paper discusses Competition			    

The barriers of gamification, x means the paper discusses the field:
---------						-------------
Field							Description
---------						-------------
Overemphasis Extrinsic Rewards	Whether the paper discusses Overemphasis Extrinsic Rewards	
Dampened intrinsic motivation	Whether the paper discusses Dampened intrinsic motivation	
Poor UI				            Whether the paper discusses Poor UI				            
Poor Mechanism		            Whether the paper discusses Poor Mechanism		            
Skepticism			            Whether the paper discusses Skepticism			            
Economic			            Whether the paper discusses Economic			            
Socio-cultural		            Whether the paper discusses Socio-cultural		            
Privacy Concerns	            Whether the paper discusses Privacy Concerns	            
Limited Feedback & Support		Whether the paper discusses Limited Feedback & Support		
Technology Barriers				Whether the paper discusses Technology Barriers				

Static game elements, x means the paper discusses the field:
---------					-------------
Field						Description
---------					-------------
Points / Scores				Whether the paper discusses Points / Scores				
Badges / Achievements	    Whether the paper discusses Badges / Achievements	    
Leaderboards	            Whether the paper discusses Leaderboards	            
Levels / Ranks	            Whether the paper discusses Levels / Ranks	            
Rewards / Bonuses / Prizes	Whether the paper discusses Rewards / Bonuses / Prizes	
Punishments / Penalties	    Whether the paper discusses Punishments / Penalties	    
Avatars	                    Whether the paper discusses Avatars	                    
Virtual Goods / Collections	Whether the paper discusses Virtual Goods / Collections	
Virtual Currencies	        Whether the paper discusses Virtual Currencies	        
Tutorials                   Whether the paper discusses Tutorials                   

Dynamic game elements, x means the paper discusses the field:
---------							-------------
Field								Description
---------							-------------
Progress							Whether the paper discusses Progress							
Aesthetics	                        Whether the paper discusses Aesthetics	                        
Ease of use	                        Whether the paper discusses Ease of use	                        
Challenges / Difficulties	        Whether the paper discusses Challenges / Difficulties	        
Rarity	                            Whether the paper discusses Rarity	                            
Competition / Cooperation	        Whether the paper discusses Competition / Cooperation	        
Narrative / Themes / Plots / Story	Whether the paper discusses Narrative / Themes / Plots / Story	
Feedback	                        Whether the paper discusses Feedback	                        
Discovery	                        Whether the paper discusses Discovery	                        
Social interaction                  Whether the paper discusses Social interaction                  

2. Sheet "Screening Process"

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Field						Description
---------					-------------
Authors						The author(s) of the paper
Title						The title of the paper
Year						The year of paper's publication
DOI							The DOI of the paper
Link	                    The link of the paper, provided by Scopus and Web of Science
Source						The source of paper: Scopus or Web of Science
Step 1: Is Duplicate?		Whether paper is duplicate with other	
Step 2: Exclude paper?		Whether paper is excluded from analysis
Step 3: Additional paper?	Whether paper is added based on previous studies
Final: Included paper		Whether paper is included in the final analysis