***Dataset accompanying the publication: Climate adaptive solution for artificial turf in cities: integrated rainwater storage and evaporative cooling***

Marjolein Van Huijgevoort 1,  Dirk G. Cirkel 1,  Joris Voeten 2
1 KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
2 Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Sciences Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands

***General Introduction***
This dataset is related to a study performed to test a system for rainwater storage below artificial turf and evaporative cooling of artificial turf. 
The dataset contains results of a field experiment in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The field experiment included measurements of meteorological variables,
like temperature, precipitation, radiation and actual evapotranspiration for natural grass, cooled artificial turf and conventional artificial turf.

This dataset is a result of the TKI project CitySports and is co-financed with PPS funding from the Topconsortia for Knowledge & Innovation (TKI’s) 
of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate.

***Description of the data in this data set***
A field experiment was conducted at a site in Amsterdam (Marineterrein), the Netherlands, to test the rainwater storage and evaporative cooling. 
In the field experiment, four 5m by 5m research plots were designed with different types of turf: 
1. a capillary irrigated plot with 30 mm ‘non-infill’ artificial turf with 10 kg/m2 (10 mm) fine sand infill (‘cooled non-infill’) 
2. a plot with a traditional artificial turf design with black crumb rubber infill (‘conventional’)
3. a capillary irrigated plot with 50 mm ‘standard’ artificial turf with 45 kg/m2 (30 mm) fine sand infill (‘cooled standard’) 
4. a capillary irrigated natural grass plot (‘natural grass’). 

Each of the four research plots was equipped with sensors to measure net radiation, surface temperature, air temperature, black globe temperature,
and drainage. The net radiation was measured with net radiometers (NR-Lite2, Kip & Zonen B.V.) installed at a height of 25 cm above the surface, 
to limit the dominant field of view to the research plots. Surface temperatures were measured using downward facing infrared radiometers at 75 cm above the surface 
(SI-431-SS, Apogee Instruments). Air temperature and black globe temperature were measured with respectively CS 107 thermistors with radiation shield at 75 cm above 
the surface and Blackglobe_L sensors (Campbell Scientific Inc.). 
Within each research plot a weighing lysimeter was installed sunken into the surface of the plots. The lysimeters consisted of a square stainless-steel bucket of 58 x 58 cm 
placed on a weighing unit. The structure of the water storage and drainage layer, shockpad and artificial turf or natural grass inside the lysimeter buckets was identical
to that of the surrounding plot. The lysimeters were weighed with temperature compensated single point load cells (Utilcell 190i). Drainage from the lysimeters was measured 
by installing an ARG100 rain gauge below each lysimeter. 

Other meteorological variables such as wind speed and wind direction, relative humidity, ambient air temperature, air pressure and incoming shortwave radiation
were measured with an all in one weather station (WS501-UMB, LUFFT), positioned at one central location 150 cm above the field surface. 
Precipitation was measured with an on-site rain gauge (ARG100, Campbell Scientific Inc.). Measurements were collected at a 30 s interval and aggregated to 5-minute values. 

Actual evapotranspiration (ET) was determined from the lysimeter data for each research plot and is provided on a daily timestep for the summer period of 2020 and 2021 
in a separate file "ET_daily_values".  

Detailed information can be found in the paper: 10.3389/frsc.2024.1399858

Column names in the data file "Dataset_CitySports.csv" are described below: 

			Unit			Description
Timestamp (UTC+0)	dd-mm-yyyy hh:mm	Date 
AirT_Avg		degrees	C		ambient air temperature
AirT_L_[i]_Avg		degrees C		air temperature at each research plot
Drainage_Tot(i)		mm			drainage for each research plot
In_SRad_Avg		W/m2			incoming shortwave radiation
IRR_Avg(i)		degrees C		surface temperature at each research plot
LCLys_Med(i)		g			weight of lysimeter at each research plot
NR_Wm2_Avg(i)		W/m2			net radiation at each research plot
Rain_Tot		mm			precipitation
RelAirPres_Avg		kPa			air pressure 
RH_Avg			%			relative humidity
Temp_Globe_Avg(i)	degrees C		black globe temperature at each research plot
WindDir_Avg		degrees	 		wind direction
WindSpeed_Avg		m/s	 		wind speed

i refers to a specific research plot, see numbers above.