%0 Generic %A Lumban Gaol, Yustisi A. %A Conroy, Philip %A Hanssen, Ramon %D 2025 %T SPAMS10 Krimpenerwaard: Soil motion parameters to model relative surface elevation changes %U %R 10.4121/dfbe9109-d058-4a64-a5b4-1cc9d9a5f836.v1 %K InSAR %K peatlands %K SPAMS %K SPAMS10 %K subsidence %X

SPAMS (Simple Parameterization for the Motion of Soils) is a model that provides a first approximation of vertical soil motion for a particular location described by four parameters, given the availability of meteorological data. SPAMS estimates surface motion parameters based on physical processes by assuming that soil displacement is mainly driven by meteorological factors, and distinguishes between reversible and irreversible subsidence. The model uses precipitation and evapotranspiration data from nearby meteorological stations. The SPAMS parameters can be estimated using a certain period of observations from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), extensometers, or other instruments that can measure vertical displacement. The estimated SPAMS parameters are then used to model relative surface elevation over time. These parameters rely on the assumption that the conditions of the area of interest, i.e., soil stratigraphy, ground water management, and land use, remain the same over time.


This repository provides the so-called SPAMS10 parameters over the Krimpenerwaard region in the Netherlands. The SPAMS10 dataset includes:

  1. the scaling factor of precipitation: xP [-], see [1]
  2. the scaling factor of evapotranspiration: xE [-], see[1]
  3. the irreversible subsidence rate: xI [mm/day], see [1]
  4. the integration time: tau [days], see [1]
  5. the variance of xP: var_xP,
  6. the variance of xE: var_xE,
  7. the variance of xI: var_xI,
  8. the covariance between xP and xE: cov_xPxE,
  9. the covariance between xP and xI: cov_xPxI, and
  10. and the covariance between xE and xI: cov_xExI.


Each set of 10 SPAMS parameters in the dataset refers to a single parcel, including the geolocation of its center-of-mass and relevant contextual information for each parcel. The contextual information includes the ID of the closest meteorological station and the soil code describing the shallow soil type. The meteorological data is provided by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), and details about soil code can be accessed through the basisregistratie ondergrond (BRO—PDOK).


The dataset is stored in a parquet data format. In addition, the JSON file provides the metadata related to this dataset. The GitHub repository provides an example script on how to read and model relative surface elevation changes using SPAMS parameters provided in this SPAMS10 dataset.


[1] Conroy, P., S. A. N. van Diepen and R. F. Hanssen, "SPAMS: A new empirical model for soft soil surface displacement based on meteorological input data", Geoderma, vol. 440, pp. 1-4, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116699.

%I 4TU.ResearchData